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Mallus ((ギリシア語:Μαλλός) ''Mallos''; ethnonym: Μαλλώτης) was an ancient city of Cilicia Campestris (later Cilicia Prima) lying near the mouth of the Pyramus (now the Ceyhan Nehri) river, in Anatolia. In ancient times, the city was situated at the mouth of the Pyramus (which has changed course since), on a hill opposite Magarsus which served as its port. The district was called from it, Mallotis. The location of the site is currently inland a few km from the Mediterranean coast on an elevation in the Karataş Peninsula, Adana Province, Turkey, a few km from the city of Karataş. ==History== According to Strabo,〔''Geography'', 14.5.16.〕 Mallus was founded by Amphilochus and Mopsus, sons of Apollo, who together founded Mallus after they left Troy following the Trojan War and whom Strabo credits with powers of divination.〔Arrian, ''Anab.'' ii. 5.〕 Alexander the Great erected a bridge over the Pyramus and visited Mallus during his conquest of the region, and at Mallus he performed sacrifices to Amphilochus.〔( Strabo, Geography, 14.5.17 )〕 Alexander also exempted the town from paying taxes. It allied itself with Tarsus against Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who according to the Bible, had presented both cities to his concubine Antiochis.〔2 Maccabees 4:30, 31.〕 Mallus was a town of considerable importance, though it does not appear to have possessed any particular attractions. In the second century B.C., it was the hometown of the notable philosopher and grammarian Crates of Mallus, credited with having built the first known globe; however, he left the city at a young age and his scholarly career mainly took place elsewhere. Its port-town was Magarsa, though in later times it seems to have had a port of its own, called Portus Palorum.〔Geogr. Nub. p.195; Sanut. Secret. Fid. ii. 4, 26, whence we learn that in the Middle Ages it continued to be called ''Malo''; comp. Callim. ''Fragm.'' 15; Appian, ''Mithrid.'' 96; Dionys. Per. 875; Ptolemy viii. 17. § 44; Pliny ''H. N.'' v. 22; Stadiasmus ''Mar. M.'' §§ 151, 152; William Martin Leake, ''Asia Minor'', pp. 216, &c.〕 Numerous coins from Mallus have been preserved, and those of the third century bear the inscription Mallus Colonia or Colonia Metropolis Mallus. The city is mentioned by numerous ancient authors, and in the Middle Ages by Arabian, Armenian, and Italian writers. The city declined in importance and disappeared with the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. The ancient site of Antiochia ad Pyramum lies a few km away on the coast. Mallus figures in the various revisions of the Antiochene ''Notitiae Episcopatuum'' as suffragan of Tarsus. Six bishops are recorded. Bematius, present at the Council of Antioch (377); Valentine, present at the First Council of Ephesus (431) and the Council of Tarsus (434); Chrysippus at the Council of Chalcedon (451). The see is included in the Catholic Church's list of titular sees.〔''Annuario Pontificio 2013'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2013, ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1)〕 No titular bishop of the see has been appointed since the death of its last bishop in 1990.〔(Mallus (Titular See) )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mallus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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